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s(e,t){s.__super__.constructor.call(this)}return n.Extend(s,n.Observable),s.prototype.current=function(e){throw new Error("The `current` method must be defined in child classes.")},s.prototype.query=function(e,t){throw new Error("The `query` method must be defined in child classes.")},s.prototype.bind=function(e,t){},s.prototype.destroy=function(){},s.prototype.generateResultId=function(e,t){e=e.id+"-result-";return e+=n.generateChars(4),null!=t.id?e+="-"+t.id.toString():e+="-"+n.generateChars(4),e},s}),u.define("select2/data/select",["./base","../utils","jquery"],function(e,a,l){function n(e,t){this.$element=e,this.options=t,n.__super__.constructor.call(this)}return a.Extend(n,e),n.prototype.current=function(e){var t=this;e(Array.prototype.map.call(this.$element[0].querySelectorAll(":checked"),function(e){return t.item(l(e))}))},n.prototype.select=function(i){var e,r=this;if(i.selected=!0,null!=i.element&&"option"===i.element.tagName.toLowerCase())return i.element.selected=!0,void this.$element.trigger("input").trigger("change");this.$element.prop("multiple")?this.current(function(e){var t=[];(i=[i]).push.apply(i,e);for(var n=0;n<i.length;n++){var s=i[n].id;-1===t.indexOf(s)&&t.push(s)}r.$element.val(t),r.$element.trigger("input").trigger("change")}):(e=i.id,this.$element.val(e),this.$element.trigger("input").trigger("change"))},n.prototype.unselect=function(i){var r=this;if(this.$element.prop("multiple")){if(i.selected=!1,null!=i.element&&"option"===i.element.tagName.toLowerCase())return i.element.selected=!1,void this.$element.trigger("input").trigger("change");this.current(function(e){for(var t=[],n=0;n<e.length;n++){var s=e[n].id;s!==i.id&&-1===t.indexOf(s)&&t.push(s)}r.$element.val(t),r.$element.trigger("input").trigger("change")})}},n.prototype.bind=function(e,t){var n=this;(this.container=e).on("select",function(e){n.select(e.data)}),e.on("unselect",function(e){n.unselect(e.data)})},n.prototype.destroy=function(){this.$element.find("*").each(function(){a.RemoveData(this)})},n.prototype.query=function(t,e){var n=[],s=this;this.$element.children().each(function(){var e;"option"!==this.tagName.toLowerCase()&&"optgroup"!==this.tagName.toLowerCase()||(e=l(this),e=s.item(e),null!==(e=s.matches(t,e))&&n.push(e))}),e({results:n})},n.prototype.addOptions=function(e){this.$element.append(e)},n.prototype.option=function(e){var t;e.children?(t=document.createElement("optgroup")).label=e.text:void 0!==(t=document.createElement("option")).textContent?t.textContent=e.text:t.innerText=e.text,void 0!==e.id&&(t.value=e.id),e.disabled&&(t.disabled=!0),e.selected&&(t.selected=!0),e.title&&(t.title=e.title);e=this._normalizeItem(e);return e.element=t,a.StoreData(t,"data",e),l(t)},n.prototype.item=function(e){var t={};if(null!=(t=a.GetData(e[0],"data")))return t;var n=e[0];if("option"===n.tagName.toLowerCase())t={id:e.val(),text:e.text(),disabled:e.prop("disabled"),selected:e.prop("selected"),title:e.prop("title")};else if("optgroup"===n.tagName.toLowerCase()){t={text:e.prop("label"),children:[],title:e.prop("title")};for(var s=e.children("option"),i=[],r=0;r<s.length;r++){var o=l(s[r]),o=this.item(o);i.push(o)}t.children=i}return(t=this._normalizeItem(t)).element=e[0],a.StoreData(e[0],"data",t),t},n.prototype._normalizeItem=function(e){e!==Object(e)&&(e={id:e,text:e});return null!=(e=l.extend({},{text:""},e)).id&&(e.id=e.id.toString()),null!=e.text&&(e.text=e.text.toString()),null==e._resultId&&e.id&&null!=this.container&&(e._resultId=this.generateResultId(this.container,e)),l.extend({},{selected:!1,disabled:!1},e)},n.prototype.matches=function(e,t){return this.options.get("matcher")(e,t)},n}),u.define("select2/data/array",["./select","../utils","jquery"],function(e,t,c){function s(e,t){this._dataToConvert=t.get("data")||[],s.__super__.constructor.call(this,e,t)}return t.Extend(s,e),s.prototype.bind=function(e,t){s.__super__.bind.call(this,e,t),this.addOptions(this.convertToOptions(this._dataToConvert))},s.prototype.select=function(n){var e=this.$element.find("option").filter(function(e,t){return t.value==n.id.toString()});0===e.length&&(e=this.option(n),this.addOptions(e)),s.__super__.select.call(this,n)},s.prototype.convertToOptions=function(e){var t=this,n=this.$element.find("option"),s=n.map(function(){return t.item(c(this)).id}).get(),i=[];for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++){var o,a,l=this._normalizeItem(e[r]);0<=s.indexOf(l.id)?(o=n.filter(function(e){return function(){return c(this).val()==e.id}}(l)),a=this.item(o),a=c.extend(!0,{},l,a),a=this.option(a),o.replaceWith(a)):(a=this.option(l),l.children&&(l=this.convertToOptions(l.children),a.append(l)),i.push(a))}return i},s}),u.define("select2/data/ajax",["./array","../utils","jquery"],function(e,t,r){function n(e,t){this.ajaxOptions=this._applyDefaults(t.get("ajax")),null!=this.ajaxOptions.processResults&&(this.processResults=this.ajaxOptions.processResults),n.__super__.constructor.call(this,e,t)}return t.Extend(n,e),n.prototype._applyDefaults=function(e){var t={data:function(e){return r.extend({},e,{q:e.term})},transport:function(e,t,n){e=r.ajax(e);return e.then(t),e.fail(n),e}};return r.extend({},t,e,!0)},n.prototype.processResults=function(e){return e},n.prototype.query=function(t,n){var s=this;null!=this._request&&("function"==typeof this._request.abort&&this._request.abort(),this._request=null);var i=r.extend({type:"GET"},this.ajaxOptions);function e(){var e=i.transport(i,function(e){e=s.processResults(e,t);s.options.get("debug")&&window.console&&console.error&&(e&&e.results&&Array.isArray(e.results)||console.error("Select2: The AJAX results did not return an array in the `results` key of the response.")),n(e)},function(){"status"in e&&(0===e.status||"0"===e.status)||s.trigger("results:message",{message:"errorLoading"})});s._request=e}"function"==typeof i.url&&(i.url=i.url.call(this.$element,t)),"function"==typeof i.data&&(i.data=i.data.call(this.$element,t)),this.ajaxOptions.delay&&null!=t.term?(this._queryTimeout&&window.clearTimeout(this._queryTimeout),this._queryTimeout=window.setTimeout(e,this.ajaxOptions.delay)):e()},n}),u.define("select2/data/tags",["jquery"],function(t){function e(e,t,n){var s=n.get("tags"),i=n.get("createTag");void 0!==i&&(this.createTag=i);i=n.get("insertTag");if(void 0!==i&&(this.insertTag=i),e.call(this,t,n),Array.isArray(s))for(var r=0;r<s.length;r++){var o=s[r],o=this._normalizeItem(o),o=this.option(o);this.$element.append(o)}}return e.prototype.query=function(e,c,u){var d=this;this._removeOldTags(),null!=c.term&&null==c.page?e.call(this,c,function e(t,n){for(var s=t.results,i=0;i<s.length;i++){var r=s[i],o=null!=r.children&&!e({results:r.children},!0);if((r.text||"").toUpperCase()===(c.term||"").toUpperCase()||o)return!n&&(t.data=s,void u(t))}if(n)return!0;var a,l=d.createTag(c);null!=l&&((a=d.option(l)).attr("data-select2-tag","true"),d.addOptions([a]),d.insertTag(s,l)),t.results=s,u(t)}):e.call(this,c,u)},e.prototype.createTag=function(e,t){if(null==t.term)return null;t=t.term.trim();return""===t?null:{id:t,text:t}},e.prototype.insertTag=function(e,t,n){t.unshift(n)},e.prototype._removeOldTags=function(e){this.$element.find("option[data-select2-tag]").each(function(){this.selected||t(this).remove()})},e}),u.define("select2/data/tokenizer",["jquery"],function(c){function e(e,t,n){var s=n.get("tokenizer");void 0!==s&&(this.tokenizer=s),e.call(this,t,n)}return e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){e.call(this,t,n),this.$search=t.dropdown.$search||t.selection.$search||n.find(".select2-search__field")},e.prototype.query=function(e,t,n){var s=this;t.term=t.term||"";var i=this.tokenizer(t,this.options,function(e){var t,n=s._normalizeItem(e);s.$element.find("option").filter(function(){return c(this).val()===n.id}).length||((t=s.option(n)).attr("data-select2-tag",!0),s._removeOldTags(),s.addOptions([t])),t=n,s.trigger("select",{data:t})});i.term!==t.term&&(this.$search.length&&(this.$search.val(i.term),this.$search.trigger("focus")),t.term=i.term),e.call(this,t,n)},e.prototype.tokenizer=function(e,t,n,s){for(var i=n.get("tokenSeparators")||[],r=t.term,o=0,a=this.createTag||function(e){return{id:e.term,text:e.term}};o<r.length;){var l=r[o];-1!==i.indexOf(l)?(l=r.substr(0,o),null!=(l=a(c.extend({},t,{term:l})))?(s(l),r=r.substr(o+1)||"",o=0):o++):o++}return{term:r}},e}),u.define("select2/data/minimumInputLength",[],function(){function e(e,t,n){this.minimumInputLength=n.get("minimumInputLength"),e.call(this,t,n)}return e.prototype.query=function(e,t,n){t.term=t.term||"",t.term.length<this.minimumInputLength?this.trigger("results:message",{message:"inputTooShort",args:{minimum:this.minimumInputLength,input:t.term,params:t}}):e.call(this,t,n)},e}),u.define("select2/data/maximumInputLength",[],function(){function e(e,t,n){this.maximumInputLength=n.get("maximumInputLength"),e.call(this,t,n)}return e.prototype.query=function(e,t,n){t.term=t.term||"",0<this.maximumInputLength&&t.term.length>this.maximumInputLength?this.trigger("results:message",{message:"inputTooLong",args:{maximum:this.maximumInputLength,input:t.term,params:t}}):e.call(this,t,n)},e}),u.define("select2/data/maximumSelectionLength",[],function(){function e(e,t,n){this.maximumSelectionLength=n.get("maximumSelectionLength"),e.call(this,t,n)}return e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this;e.call(this,t,n),t.on("select",function(){s._checkIfMaximumSelected()})},e.prototype.query=function(e,t,n){var s=this;this._checkIfMaximumSelected(function(){e.call(s,t,n)})},e.prototype._checkIfMaximumSelected=function(e,t){var n=this;this.current(function(e){e=null!=e?e.length:0;0<n.maximumSelectionLength&&e>=n.maximumSelectionLength?n.trigger("results:message",{message:"maximumSelected",args:{maximum:n.maximumSelectionLength}}):t&&t()})},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown",["jquery","./utils"],function(t,e){function n(e,t){this.$element=e,this.options=t,n.__super__.constructor.call(this)}return e.Extend(n,e.Observable),n.prototype.render=function(){var e=t('<span class="select2-dropdown"><span class="select2-results"></span></span>');return e.attr("dir",this.options.get("dir")),this.$dropdown=e},n.prototype.bind=function(){},n.prototype.position=function(e,t){},n.prototype.destroy=function(){this.$dropdown.remove()},n}),u.define("select2/dropdown/search",["jquery"],function(r){function e(){}return e.prototype.render=function(e){var t=e.call(this),n=this.options.get("translations").get("search"),e=r('<span class="select2-search select2-search--dropdown"><input class="select2-search__field" type="search" tabindex="-1" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="none" spellcheck="false" role="searchbox" aria-autocomplete="list" /></span>');return this.$searchContainer=e,this.$search=e.find("input"),this.$search.prop("autocomplete",this.options.get("autocomplete")),this.$search.attr("aria-label",n()),t.prepend(e),t},e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this,i=t.id+"-results";e.call(this,t,n),this.$search.on("keydown",function(e){s.trigger("keypress",e),s._keyUpPrevented=e.isDefaultPrevented()}),this.$search.on("input",function(e){r(this).off("keyup")}),this.$search.on("keyup input",function(e){s.handleSearch(e)}),t.on("open",function(){s.$search.attr("tabindex",0),s.$search.attr("aria-controls",i),s.$search.trigger("focus"),window.setTimeout(function(){s.$search.trigger("focus")},0)}),t.on("close",function(){s.$search.attr("tabindex",-1),s.$search.removeAttr("aria-controls"),s.$search.removeAttr("aria-activedescendant"),s.$search.val(""),s.$search.trigger("blur")}),t.on("focus",function(){t.isOpen()||s.$search.trigger("focus")}),t.on("results:all",function(e){null!=e.query.term&&""!==e.query.term||(s.showSearch(e)?s.$searchContainer[0].classList.remove("select2-search--hide"):s.$searchContainer[0].classList.add("select2-search--hide"))}),t.on("results:focus",function(e){e.data._resultId?s.$search.attr("aria-activedescendant",e.data._resultId):s.$search.removeAttr("aria-activedescendant")})},e.prototype.handleSearch=function(e){var t;this._keyUpPrevented||(t=this.$search.val(),this.trigger("query",{term:t})),this._keyUpPrevented=!1},e.prototype.showSearch=function(e,t){return!0},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/hidePlaceholder",[],function(){function e(e,t,n,s){this.placeholder=this.normalizePlaceholder(n.get("placeholder")),e.call(this,t,n,s)}return e.prototype.append=function(e,t){t.results=this.removePlaceholder(t.results),e.call(this,t)},e.prototype.normalizePlaceholder=function(e,t){return t="string"==typeof t?{id:"",text:t}:t},e.prototype.removePlaceholder=function(e,t){for(var n=t.slice(0),s=t.length-1;0<=s;s--){var i=t[s];this.placeholder.id===i.id&&n.splice(s,1)}return n},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/infiniteScroll",["jquery"],function(n){function e(e,t,n,s){this.lastParams={},e.call(this,t,n,s),this.$loadingMore=this.createLoadingMore(),this.loading=!1}return e.prototype.append=function(e,t){this.$loadingMore.remove(),this.loading=!1,e.call(this,t),this.showLoadingMore(t)&&(this.$results.append(this.$loadingMore),this.loadMoreIfNeeded())},e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this;e.call(this,t,n),t.on("query",function(e){s.lastParams=e,s.loading=!0}),t.on("query:append",function(e){s.lastParams=e,s.loading=!0}),this.$results.on("scroll",this.loadMoreIfNeeded.bind(this))},e.prototype.loadMoreIfNeeded=function(){var e=n.contains(document.documentElement,this.$loadingMore[0]);!this.loading&&e&&(e=this.$results.offset().top+this.$results.outerHeight(!1),this.$loadingMore.offset().top+this.$loadingMore.outerHeight(!1)<=e+50&&this.loadMore())},e.prototype.loadMore=function(){this.loading=!0;var e=n.extend({},{page:1},this.lastParams);e.page++,this.trigger("query:append",e)},e.prototype.showLoadingMore=function(e,t){return t.pagination&&t.pagination.more},e.prototype.createLoadingMore=function(){var e=n('<li class="select2-results__option select2-results__option--load-more"role="option" aria-disabled="true"></li>'),t=this.options.get("translations").get("loadingMore");return e.html(t(this.lastParams)),e},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/attachBody",["jquery","../utils"],function(u,o){function e(e,t,n){this.$dropdownParent=u(n.get("dropdownParent")||document.body),e.call(this,t,n)}return e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this;e.call(this,t,n),t.on("open",function(){s._showDropdown(),s._attachPositioningHandler(t),s._bindContainerResultHandlers(t)}),t.on("close",function(){s._hideDropdown(),s._detachPositioningHandler(t)}),this.$dropdownContainer.on("mousedown",function(e){e.stopPropagation()})},e.prototype.destroy=function(e){e.call(this),this.$dropdownContainer.remove()},e.prototype.position=function(e,t,n){t.attr("class",n.attr("class")),t[0].classList.remove("select2"),t[0].classList.add("select2-container--open"),t.css({position:"absolute",top:-999999}),this.$container=n},e.prototype.render=function(e){var t=u("<span></span>"),e=e.call(this);return t.append(e),this.$dropdownContainer=t},e.prototype._hideDropdown=function(e){this.$dropdownContainer.detach()},e.prototype._bindContainerResultHandlers=function(e,t){var n;this._containerResultsHandlersBound||(n=this,t.on("results:all",function(){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()}),t.on("results:append",function(){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()}),t.on("results:message",function(){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()}),t.on("select",function(){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()}),t.on("unselect",function(){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()}),this._containerResultsHandlersBound=!0)},e.prototype._attachPositioningHandler=function(e,t){var n=this,s="scroll.select2."+t.id,i="resize.select2."+t.id,r="orientationchange.select2."+t.id,t=this.$container.parents().filter(o.hasScroll);t.each(function(){o.StoreData(this,"select2-scroll-position",{x:u(this).scrollLeft(),y:u(this).scrollTop()})}),t.on(s,function(e){var t=o.GetData(this,"select2-scroll-position");u(this).scrollTop(t.y)}),u(window).on(s+" "+i+" "+r,function(e){n._positionDropdown(),n._resizeDropdown()})},e.prototype._detachPositioningHandler=function(e,t){var n="scroll.select2."+t.id,s="resize.select2."+t.id,t="orientationchange.select2."+t.id;this.$container.parents().filter(o.hasScroll).off(n),u(window).off(n+" "+s+" "+t)},e.prototype._positionDropdown=function(){var e=u(window),t=this.$dropdown[0].classList.contains("select2-dropdown--above"),n=this.$dropdown[0].classList.contains("select2-dropdown--below"),s=null,i=this.$container.offset();i.bottom=i.top+this.$container.outerHeight(!1);var r={height:this.$container.outerHeight(!1)};r.top=i.top,r.bottom=i.top+r.height;var o=this.$dropdown.outerHeight(!1),a=e.scrollTop(),l=e.scrollTop()+e.height(),c=a<i.top-o,e=l>i.bottom+o,a={left:i.left,top:r.bottom},l=this.$dropdownParent;"static"===l.css("position")&&(l=l.offsetParent());i={top:0,left:0};(u.contains(document.body,l[0])||l[0].isConnected)&&(i=l.offset()),a.top-=i.top,a.left-=i.left,t||n||(s="below"),e||!c||t?!c&&e&&t&&(s="below"):s="above",("above"==s||t&&"below"!==s)&&(a.top=r.top-i.top-o),null!=s&&(this.$dropdown[0].classList.remove("select2-dropdown--below"),this.$dropdown[0].classList.remove("select2-dropdown--above"),this.$dropdown[0].classList.add("select2-dropdown--"+s),this.$container[0].classList.remove("select2-container--below"),this.$container[0].classList.remove("select2-container--above"),this.$container[0].classList.add("select2-container--"+s)),this.$dropdownContainer.css(a)},e.prototype._resizeDropdown=function(){var e={width:this.$container.outerWidth(!1)+"px"};this.options.get("dropdownAutoWidth")&&(e.minWidth=e.width,e.position="relative",e.width="auto"),this.$dropdown.css(e)},e.prototype._showDropdown=function(e){this.$dropdownContainer.appendTo(this.$dropdownParent),this._positionDropdown(),this._resizeDropdown()},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/minimumResultsForSearch",[],function(){function e(e,t,n,s){this.minimumResultsForSearch=n.get("minimumResultsForSearch"),this.minimumResultsForSearch<0&&(this.minimumResultsForSearch=1/0),e.call(this,t,n,s)}return e.prototype.showSearch=function(e,t){return!(function e(t){for(var n=0,s=0;s<t.length;s++){var i=t[s];i.children?n+=e(i.children):n++}return n}(t.data.results)<this.minimumResultsForSearch)&&e.call(this,t)},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/selectOnClose",["../utils"],function(s){function e(){}return e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this;e.call(this,t,n),t.on("close",function(e){s._handleSelectOnClose(e)})},e.prototype._handleSelectOnClose=function(e,t){if(t&&null!=t.originalSelect2Event){var n=t.originalSelect2Event;if("select"===n._type||"unselect"===n._type)return}n=this.getHighlightedResults();n.length<1||(null!=(n=s.GetData(n[0],"data")).element&&n.element.selected||null==n.element&&n.selected||this.trigger("select",{data:n}))},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/closeOnSelect",[],function(){function e(){}return e.prototype.bind=function(e,t,n){var s=this;e.call(this,t,n),t.on("select",function(e){s._selectTriggered(e)}),t.on("unselect",function(e){s._selectTriggered(e)})},e.prototype._selectTriggered=function(e,t){var n=t.originalEvent;n&&(n.ctrlKey||n.metaKey)||this.trigger("close",{originalEvent:n,originalSelect2Event:t})},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/dropdownCss",["../utils"],function(n){function e(){}return e.prototype.render=function(e){var t=e.call(this),e=this.options.get("dropdownCssClass")||"";return-1!==e.indexOf(":all:")&&(e=e.replace(":all:",""),n.copyNonInternalCssClasses(t[0],this.$element[0])),t.addClass(e),t},e}),u.define("select2/dropdown/tagsSearchHighlight",["../utils"],function(s){function e(){}return e.prototype.highlightFirstItem=function(e){var t=this.$results.find(".select2-results__option--selectable:not(.select2-results__option--selected)");if(0<t.length){var n=t.first(),t=s.GetData(n[0],"data").element;if(t&&t.getAttribute&&"true"===t.getAttribute("data-select2-tag"))return void n.trigger("mouseenter")}e.call(this)},e}),u.define("select2/i18n/en",[],function(){return{errorLoading:function(){return"The results could not be loaded."},inputTooLong:function(e){var t=e.input.length-e.maximum,e="Please delete "+t+" character";return 1!=t&&(e+="s"),e},inputTooShort:function(e){return"Please enter "+(e.minimum-e.input.length)+" or more characters"},loadingMore:function(){return"Loading more results…"},maximumSelected:function(e){var t="You can only select "+e.maximum+" item";return 1!=e.maximum&&(t+="s"),t},noResults:function(){return"No results found"},searching:function(){return"Searching…"},removeAllItems:function(){return"Remove all items"},removeItem:function(){return"Remove item"},search:function(){return"Search"}}}),u.define("select2/defaults",["jquery","./results","./selection/single","./selection/multiple","./selection/placeholder","./selection/allowClear","./selection/search","./selection/selectionCss","./selection/eventRelay","./utils","./translation","./diacritics","./data/select","./data/array","./data/ajax","./data/tags","./data/tokenizer","./data/minimumInputLength","./data/maximumInputLength","./data/maximumSelectionLength","./dropdown","./dropdown/search","./dropdown/hidePlaceholder","./dropdown/infiniteScroll","./dropdown/attachBody","./dropdown/minimumResultsForSearch","./dropdown/selectOnClose","./dropdown/closeOnSelect","./dropdown/dropdownCss","./dropdown/tagsSearchHighlight","./i18n/en"],function(l,r,o,a,c,u,d,p,h,f,g,t,m,y,v,_,b,$,w,x,A,D,S,E,O,C,L,T,q,I,e){function n(){this.reset()}return n.prototype.apply=function(e){var t;null==(e=l.extend(!0,{},this.defaults,e)).dataAdapter&&(null!=e.ajax?e.dataAdapter=v:null!=e.data?e.dataAdapter=y:e.dataAdapter=m,0<e.minimumInputLength&&(e.dataAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dataAdapter,$)),0<e.maximumInputLength&&(e.dataAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dataAdapter,w)),0<e.maximumSelectionLength&&(e.dataAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dataAdapter,x)),e.tags&&(e.dataAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dataAdapter,_)),null==e.tokenSeparators&&null==e.tokenizer||(e.dataAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dataAdapter,b))),null==e.resultsAdapter&&(e.resultsAdapter=r,null!=e.ajax&&(e.resultsAdapter=f.Decorate(e.resultsAdapter,E)),null!=e.placeholder&&(e.resultsAdapter=f.Decorate(e.resultsAdapter,S)),e.selectOnClose&&(e.resultsAdapter=f.Decorate(e.resultsAdapter,L)),e.tags&&(e.resultsAdapter=f.Decorate(e.resultsAdapter,I))),null==e.dropdownAdapter&&(e.multiple?e.dropdownAdapter=A:(t=f.Decorate(A,D),e.dropdownAdapter=t),0!==e.minimumResultsForSearch&&(e.dropdownAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dropdownAdapter,C)),e.closeOnSelect&&(e.dropdownAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dropdownAdapter,T)),null!=e.dropdownCssClass&&(e.dropdownAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dropdownAdapter,q)),e.dropdownAdapter=f.Decorate(e.dropdownAdapter,O)),null==e.selectionAdapter&&(e.multiple?e.selectionAdapter=a:e.selectionAdapter=o,null!=e.placeholder&&(e.selectionAdapter=f.Decorate(e.selectionAdapter,c)),e.allowClear&&(e.selectionAdapter=f.Decorate(e.selectionAdapter,u)),e.multiple&&(e.selectionAdapter=f.Decorate(e.selectionAdapter,d)),null!=e.selectionCssClass&&(e.selectionAdapter=f.Decorate(e.selectionAdapter,p)),e.selectionAdapter=f.Decorate(e.selectionAdapter,h)),e.language=this._resolveLanguage(e.language),e.language.push("en");for(var 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t=["select2"];null==this.options.multiple&&(this.options.multiple=e.prop("multiple")),null==this.options.disabled&&(this.options.disabled=e.prop("disabled")),null==this.options.autocomplete&&e.prop("autocomplete")&&(this.options.autocomplete=e.prop("autocomplete")),null==this.options.dir&&(e.prop("dir")?this.options.dir=e.prop("dir"):e.closest("[dir]").prop("dir")?this.options.dir=e.closest("[dir]").prop("dir"):this.options.dir="ltr"),e.prop("disabled",this.options.disabled),e.prop("multiple",this.options.multiple),u.GetData(e[0],"select2Tags")&&(this.options.debug&&window.console&&console.warn&&console.warn('Select2: The `data-select2-tags` attribute has been changed to use the `data-data` and `data-tags="true"` attributes and will be removed in future versions of Select2.'),u.StoreData(e[0],"data",u.GetData(e[0],"select2Tags")),u.StoreData(e[0],"tags",!0)),u.GetData(e[0],"ajaxUrl")&&(this.options.debug&&window.console&&console.warn&&console.warn("Select2: The `data-ajax-url` 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<nav><ul class="ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 "><li class="ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2"><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1" href="#Bihar_Board_12th_sociology_objective_question_answer_in_hindi_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन">Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</a><ul class="ez-toc-list-level-4"><li class="ez-toc-heading-level-4"><ul class="ez-toc-list-level-4"><li class="ez-toc-heading-level-4"><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2" href="#Bihar_Board_12th_sociology_objective_question_answer_in_hindi_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8-2" title="Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन">Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div>
<h2><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Bihar_Board_12th_sociology_objective_question_answer_in_hindi_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8"></span>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2>
<p>बिहार बोर्ड इंटर परीक्षा 2022 के सभी विद्यार्थी के सभी विषय की सभी प्रकार के प्रश्न का प्रारूप और PDF वर्ग नोट विषयवार सभी प्रकार के study note ( MCQ , Short question long question )</p><div class="su-divider su-divider-style-default acss5d8b0"><a href="#" class="acssae270">Go to top</a></div><amp-img data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png" alt="12TH INTER Bihar Board Exam Multiple Choice Question" width="90" height="16" srcset="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png 300w, https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1.png 350w" layout="intrinsic"><amp-img fallback data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/plugins/accelerated-mobile-pages/images/SD-default-image.png" alt="12TH INTER Bihar Board Exam Multiple Choice Question" width="90" height="16" layout="intrinsic"></amp-img></amp-img> <p><a href="https://examfriends.com/">Bihar Board</a> Class 10 &amp; 12 <a href="https://vidyanjalipoint.com/12th-inter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Science</a> all subject Note and PDF</p> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 1.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से कौन परिवार की विशेषता है ?</div> <div>(a) सार्वभौमिकता</div> <div>(b) सीमित आकार</div> <div>(c) भावात्मक आधार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 2.</div> <div>“संयुक्त परिवार एक ऐसा परिवार है जिसमें लोग समान आवास में रहते हैं, एक चूल्हा का बना खाते हैं, समान सम्पत्ति के हकदार होते हैं और समान पूजा-पाठ में भाग लेते हैं।” संयुक्त परिवार की ऐसी परिभाषा किसने दी है ?</div> <div>(a) इरावती कार्वे</div> <div>(b) आई. पी. देसाई</div> <div>(c) ए. आर. देसाई</div> <div>(d) एम. एन. श्रीनिवास</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) एम. एन. श्रीनिवास</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 3.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जनजाति की विशेषता है ?</div> <div>(a) सामान्य भू-भाग</div> <div>(b) सामान्य भाषा</div> <div>(c) सामान्य संस्कृति</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 4.</div> <div>निम्न में कौन जनजातीय धर्म का स्वरूप है?</div> <div>(a) ब्रह्मवाद</div> <div>(b) टोटमवाद</div> <div>(c) ओझागिरी</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) टोटमवाद</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 5.</div> <div>परीक्षा विवाह किस जनजाति में होती है ?</div> <div>(a) मुंडा</div> <div>(b) संथाल</div> <div>(c) नागा</div> <div>(d) भील</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) भील</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 6.</div> <div>‘चाचा’ नातेदारी के किस श्रेणी के अन्तर्गत आता है ?</div> <div>(a) प्राथमिक</div> <div>(b) द्वितीयक</div> <div>(c) तृतीयक</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) द्वितीयक</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 7.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन-सा नातेदारी से स्पष्ट रूप से नहीं आता है?</div> <div>(a) वंश परम्परा</div> <div>(b) विवाह अन्य संबंध</div> <div>(c) प्रस्थिति</div> <div>(d) समकक्ष समूह</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) विवाह अन्य संबंध</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 8.</div> <div>भारत में अनुसूचित जातियों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान किस धारा के अन्तर्गत की गयी है ?</div> <div>(a) धारा-355</div> <div>(b) धारा-379</div> <div>(c) धारा-302</div> <div>(d) धारा-330</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) धारा-355</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 9.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में कौन एक जाति है ?</div> <div>(a) वैश्य.</div> <div>(b) राजपूत</div> <div>(c) शूद्र</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 10.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन परिवार की विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) सार्वभौमिकता</div> <div>(b) सीमित आकार</div> <div>(c) भावनात्मक आधार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 11.</div> <div>भारतीय सामाजिक व्यवस्था का महत्त्वपूर्ण पहलू क्या है ?</div> <div>(a) संयुक्त परिवार</div> <div>(b) जाति-व्यवस्था</div> <div>(c) धर्म</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 12.</div> <div>निम्न में कौन एक संख्या है ?</div> <div>(a) गाँव</div> <div>(b) राष्ट्र</div> <div>(c) विवाह</div> <div>(d) किसान संघ</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) विवाह</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 13.</div> <div>निम्न में से भारत के किस राज्य में आदिवासी आबादी सर्वाधिक है ?</div> <div>(a) पश्चिम बंगाल</div> <div>(b) छत्तीसगढ़</div> <div>(c) उत्तर प्रदेश.</div> <div>(d) गुजरात</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) गुजरात</div> <div></div> <div><amp-img data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png" width="90" height="16" alt="website image 1" srcset="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png 300w, https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1.png 350w" layout="intrinsic"><amp-img fallback data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/plugins/accelerated-mobile-pages/images/SD-default-image.png" width="90" height="16" alt="website image 1" layout="intrinsic"></amp-img></amp-img></div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 14.</div> <div>जाति-व्यवस्था की उत्पत्ति से सम्बन्धित प्रजातीय सिद्धांत के प्रतिपादक निम्न में से कौन-सा विद्वान हैं ?</div> <div>(a) हट्टन</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div>(c) नेसफील्ड</div> <div>(d) श्रीनिवास</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 15.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन एक संस्था है ?</div> <div>(a) राष्ट्र</div> <div>(b) गाँव’</div> <div>(c) परिवार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 16.</div> <div>भील नामक जनजाति किस राज्य में निवास करती है ?</div> <div>(a) असम</div> <div>(b) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div>(c) पश्चिम बंगाल</div> <div>(d) बिहार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 17.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जाति-व्यवस्था की एक मौलिक विशेषता नहीं है ?</div> <div>(a) संस्तरण</div> <div>(b) समाज का खण्डात्मक विभाजन</div> <div>(c) सामाजिक गतिशीलता</div> <div>(d) अन्तर्विवाह</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) सामाजिक गतिशीलता</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 18.</div> <div>भारत का सबसे बड़ा जनजातीय समूह कौन है ?</div> <div>(a) संथाल</div> <div>(b) मुंडा</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div>(d) गोंड</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div></div> <div><amp-img data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png" width="90" height="16" alt="website image 1" srcset="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1-300x53.png 300w, https://examfriends.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/website-image-1.png 350w" layout="intrinsic"><amp-img fallback data-hero class="alignnone wp-image-5211 amp-wp-enforced-sizes" src="https://examfriends.com/wp-content/plugins/accelerated-mobile-pages/images/SD-default-image.png" width="90" height="16" alt="website image 1" layout="intrinsic"></amp-img></amp-img></div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 19.</div> <div>भारतीय संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के द्वारा लोकसभा अनुसूचित जाति एवं जनजाति के सदस्यों के लिए स्थान आरक्षित किया गया</div> <div>(a) अनुच्छेद-334</div> <div>(b) अनुच्छेद-332</div> <div>(c) अनुच्छेद-330</div> <div>(d) अनुच्छेद-338</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) अनुच्छेद-330</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 20.</div> <div>बहुपति विवाह किस जनजाति में पाया जाता है ?</div> <div>(a) संथाल</div> <div>(b) टोडा</div> <div>(c) मुंडा</div> <div>(d) खस</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) खस</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 21.</div> <div>किसने कहा, ‘जाति एक बंद वर्ग है’?</div> <div>(a) मैक्स वेबर</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार एवं मदन</div> <div>(c) रिजले</div> <div>(d) मैकाइवर एवं पेज</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार एवं मदन</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 22.</div> <div>कौन-सा आदिवासी समाज मातृ-प्रधान है ?</div> <div>(a) संथाल</div> <div>(b) मुंडा</div> <div>(c) गारो</div> <div>(d) इनमें कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें कोई नहीं</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 23.</div> <div>कौन भारतीय समाज की सबसे प्रमुख विशेषता है ?</div> <div>(a) वर्ण-व्यवस्था</div> <div>(b) अनेकता में एकता</div> <div>(c) यजमानी व्यवस्था</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 24.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जनजातीय समाज की समस्या नहीं है ?</div> <div>(a) भूमि विलगाव</div> <div>(b) छुआछूत</div> <div>(c) (a) एवं (b) दोनों</div> <div>(d) इनमें कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) (a) एवं (b) दोनों</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 25.</div> <div>जाति एक बंद वर्ग है यह किसका कथन है ?</div> <div>(a) सी. एच. कूले</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार और मदान</div> <div>(c) एस. बी. केतकर</div> <div>(d) एच. एच. रिजले</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार और मदान</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 26.</div> <div>‘एक जनजाति वह क्षेत्रीय मानव समूह है जो भू-भाग, भाषा, सामाजिक नियम और आर्थिक कार्य आदि विषयों में एक सामान्यता के सूत्र में बँधा होता है।’ यह कथन है</div> <div>(a) आर. एन. मुखर्जी</div> <div>(b) गिलिन और गिलिन</div> <div>(c) इम्पीरियल गजेटियर</div> <div>(d) डॉ. मजूमदार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) आर. एन. मुखर्जी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 27.</div> <div>“किसी भी संस्था के विविध कार्य होते हैं । संभवतः सभी संस्थाओं में परिवार अत्यन्त विविध कार्यों वाली संस्था है।” यह कथन किसका है?</div> <div>(a) ऑगबर्न तथा निम्कॉफ</div> <div>(b) इलियट तथा मैरिल</div> <div>(c) गिलिन और गिलिन</div> <div>(d) मैकाइवर तथा पेज</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) इलियट तथा मैरिल</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 28.</div> <div>किस प्रान्त में आदिवासियों की संख्या 50 लाख से अधिक है ?</div> <div>(a) बिहार</div> <div>(b) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div>(c) उड़ीसा</div> <div>(d) झारखंड</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) उड़ीसा</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 29.</div> <div>2001 की जनगणना के अनुसार जनजातियों की कुल जनसंख्या भारत की समस्त जनसंख्या लगभग कितना करोड़ है?</div> <div>(a) 8.4</div> <div>(b) 6.5</div> <div>(c) 9.4</div> <div>(d) 5.4</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) 8.4</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 30.</div> <div>जाति व्यवस्था की उत्पत्ति-संबंधी देवत्व का सिद्धांत किस वेद में वर्णित है?</div> <div>(a) अथर्ववेद</div> <div>(b) सामवेद</div> <div>(c) ऋग्वेद</div> <div>(d) यजुर्वेद</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) ऋग्वेद</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 31.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन भारतीय ने जनजातियों के लिए ‘अलगाव की नीति’ की वकालत की?</div> <div>(a) बेली</div> <div>(b) घुरिये</div> <div>(c) एल्विन</div> <div>(d) डॉ. मजूमदार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) डॉ. मजूमदार</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 32.</div> <div>जनजाति समाजों में निम्न में से क्या नहीं पाया जाता है ?</div> <div>(a) श्रम-विभाजन</div> <div>(b) युवागृह</div> <div>(c) महिला की आजादी</div> <div>(d) सरल अर्थव्यवस्था</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) महिला की आजादी</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 33.</div> <div>धूमकुरिया किस जनजाति में पाया जाता है ?</div> <div>(a) मुंडा</div> <div>(b) संथाल</div> <div>(c) उराँव</div> <div>(d) हो</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) उराँव</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 34.</div> <div>जाति-व्यवस्था का व्यावसायारात्मक सिद्धांत के प्रतिपादक कौन</div> <div>(a) रिजले</div> <div>(b) घुरिये</div> <div>(c) नेसफील्ड</div> <div>(d) मार्क्स</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) रिजले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 35.</div> <div>किस जनजाति में परीक्षा विवाह प्रचलित है ?</div> <div>(a) नागा</div> <div>(b) बिरहोर</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div>(d) संथाल</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 36.</div> <div>“संयुक्त परिवार एक ऐसा परिवार है जिसमें लोग समान आवास में रहते हैं, एक चूल्हा का बना खाते हैं, समान सम्पत्ति के हकदार होते हैं और समान पूजा-पाठ में भाग लेते हैं।” संयुक्त परिवार की ऐसी परिभाषा किसने दी है?</div> <div>(a) इरावती कार्वे</div> <div>(b) आई०पी० देसाई</div> <div>(c) ए०आर० देसाई</div> <div>(d) एम०एन० श्रीनिवास</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) एम०एन० श्रीनिवास</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 37.</div> <div>निम्न में कौन जनजातीय धर्म का स्वरूप है?</div> <div>(a) ब्रह्मवाद</div> <div>(b) टोटमवाद</div> <div>(c) ओझागिरी</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) टोटमवाद</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 38.</div> <div>परीक्षा विवाह किस जनजाति में होती है?</div> <div>(a) मुंडा</div> <div>(b) संथाल</div> <div>(c) नागा</div> <div>(d) भील</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) भील</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 39.</div> <div>भारत में अनुसूचित जातियों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान किस धारा के अन्तर्गत की गयी है?</div> <div>(a) धारा-355</div> <div>(b) धारा-379</div> <div>(c) धारा-302</div> <div>(d) धारा-330</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) धारा-355</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 40.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में कौन एक जाति है?</div> <div>(a) वैश्य</div> <div>(b) राजपूत</div> <div>(c) शूद्र</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 41.</div> <div>भारतीय सामाजिक व्यवस्था का महत्वपूर्ण पहलू क्या है?</div> <div>(a) संयुक्त परिवार</div> <div>(b) जाति-व्यवस्था</div> <div>(c) धर्म</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 42.</div> <div>निम्न में कौन एक संस्था है?</div> <div>(a) गाँव</div> <div>(b) राष्ट्र</div> <div>(c) विवाह</div> <div>(d) किसान संघ</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) विवाह</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 43.</div> <div>निम्न में से भारत के किस राज्य में आदिवासी आबादी सर्वाधिक</div> <div>(a) पश्चिम बंगाल</div> <div>(b) छत्तीसगढ़</div> <div>(c) उत्तर प्रदेश</div> <div>(d) गुजरात</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) गुजरात</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 44.</div> <div>जाति-व्यवस्था की उत्पत्ति से सम्बन्धित प्रजातीय सिद्धान्त के प्रतिपादक निम्न में से कौन-सा विद्वान है?</div> <div>(a) हट्टन</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div>(c) नेसफील्ड</div> <div>(d) श्रीनिवास</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 45.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन एक संस्था है?</div> <div>(a) राष्ट्र</div> <div>(b) गाँव</div> <div>(c) परिवार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 46.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जाति-व्यवस्था की एक मौलिक विशेषता नहीं है?</div> <div>(a) संस्तरण</div> <div>(b) समाज का खण्डात्मक विभाजन</div> <div>(c) सामाजिक गतिशीलता</div> <div>(d) अन्तर्विवाह</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) सामाजिक गतिशीलता</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 47.</div> <div>भारत का सबसे बड़ा जनजातीय समूह कौन है?</div> <div>(a) संथाल</div> <div>(b) मुंडा</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div>(d) गोंड</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 48.</div> <div>भारतीय संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के द्वारा लोकसभा अनुसूचित जाति एवं जनजाति के सदस्यों के लिए स्थान आरक्षित किया गया</div> <div>(a) अनुच्छेद-334</div> <div>(b) अनुच्छेद-332</div> <div>(c) अनुच्छेद-330</div> <div>(d) अनुच्छेद-338</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) अनुच्छेद-330</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 49.</div> <div>खस या खासी बहुपति विवाह किस जनजाति में पाया जाता है?</div> <div>(a) संथल</div> <div>(b) टोडा</div> <div>(c) मुंडा</div> <div>(d) खस</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) खस</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 50.</div> <div>किसने कहा, ‘जाति एक बंद वर्ग है?</div> <div>(a) मैक्स वेबर</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार एवं मदन</div> <div>(c) रिजले</div> <div>(d) मैकाइवर एवं पेज</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार एवं मदन</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 51.</div> <div>कौन-सा आदिवासी समाज मातृ प्रधान है?</div> <div>(a) संथाल</div> <div>(b) मुंडा</div> <div>(c) गारो</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 52.</div> <div>कौन भारतीय समाज की सबसे प्रमुख विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) वर्ण-व्यवस्था</div> <div>(b) अनेकता में एकता</div> <div>(c) यजमानी व्यवस्था</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 53.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जनजातीय समाज की समस्या नहीं है?</div> <div>(a) भूमि विलगाव</div> <div>(b) छुआछत</div> <div>(c) (a) एवं (b) दोनों</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) (a) एवं (b) दोनों</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 54.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से कौन परिवार की विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) सार्वभौमिकता</div> <div>(b) सीमित आकार</div> <div>(c) भावात्मक आधार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 55.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जनजाति की विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) सामान्य भू-भाग</div> <div>(b) सामान्य भाषा</div> <div>(c) सामान्य संस्कृति</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 56.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से बन्द स्तरीकरण का उदाहरण कौन-सा है?</div> <div>(a) वर्ग</div> <div>(b) सत्ता</div> <div>(c) जाति</div> <div>(d) उपर्युक्त सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) जाति</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 57.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन से कारक भारतीय जाति व्यवस्था में परिवर्तन के उत्तरदायी हैं?</div> <div>(a) औद्योगिकरण</div> <div>(b) पंचायती राज</div> <div>(c) जजमानी व्यवस्था</div> <div>(d) प्रभु जाति</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) औद्योगिकरण</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 58.</div> <div>भील नामक जनजाति किस राज्य में निवास करती है?</div> <div>(a) असम</div> <div>(b) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div>(c) पश्चिम बंगाल</div> <div>(d) बिहार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 59.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जाति की विशेषता नहीं है?</div> <div>(a) संस्तरण</div> <div>(b) अन्तः विवाह</div> <div>(c) शुद्धता</div> <div>(d) खुलापन</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) खुलापन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 60.</div> <div>‘चाचा’ नातेदारी के किस श्रेणी के अन्तर्गत आता है?</div> <div>(a) प्राथमिक</div> <div>(b) द्वितीयक</div> <div>(c) तृतीयक</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) द्वितीयक</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 61.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन-सा नातेदारी से स्पष्ट रूप से नहीं आता है ?”</div> <div>(a) वंश परम्परा</div> <div>(b) विवाह अन्य संबंध</div> <div>(c) प्रस्थिति</div> <div>(d) समकक्ष समूह</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) विवाह अन्य संबंध</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 62.</div> <div>जाति व्यवस्था की उत्पत्ति-संबंधी देवत्व का सिद्धांत किस वेद में वर्णित है?</div> <div>(a) अथर्ववेद</div> <div>(b) सामवेद</div> <div>(c) ऋग्वेद</div> <div>(d) यजुर्वेद</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) सामवेद</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 63.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन भारतीय ने जाजातियों के लिए ‘अलगाव की नीति’ की वकालत की?</div> <div>(a) बेली</div> <div>(b) घुरिये</div> <div>(c) एल्विन</div> <div>(d) डॉ. मजूमदार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) डॉ. मजूमदार</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 64.</div> <div>जनजाति समाजों में निम्न में से क्या नहीं पाया जाता है?</div> <div>(a) श्रम-विभाजन</div> <div>(b) युवागृह</div> <div>(c) महिला की आजादी</div> <div>(d) सरल अर्थव्यवस्था</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) महिला की आजादी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 65.</div> <div>घूमकुरिया किस जनजाति में पाया जाता है?</div> <div>(a) मुंडा</div> <div>(b) संथाल</div> <div>(c) उराँव</div> <div>(d) हो</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) उराँव</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 66.</div> <div>जाति-व्यवस्था का व्यावसायारत्मक सिद्धांत के प्रतिपादक कौन है?</div> <div>(a) रिजले</div> <div>(b) घुरिये</div> <div>(c) नेसफील्ड</div> <div>(d) मार्क्स</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) रिजले</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 67.</div> <div>जाति का आधार क्या है?</div> <div>(a)भाग्य</div> <div>(b) कर्म</div> <div>(c)पुनर्जन्म</div> <div>(d) जन्म</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) जन्म</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 68.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन द्विज नहीं कहलाते हैं?</div> <div>(a)ब्राह्मण</div> <div>(b) क्षत्रिय</div> <div>(c)वैश्य</div> <div>(d) शूद्र</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) शूद्र</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 69.</div> <div>किस समाज में हठ विवाह का प्रचलन है?</div> <div>(a) हिन्दू समाज में</div> <div>(b) मुस्लिम समाज में</div> <div>(c) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 70.</div> <div>मुस्लिम विवाह है एक</div> <div>(a) संस्कार</div> <div>(b) समझौता</div> <div>(c) मित्रता</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) समझौता</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 71.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन सा हिन्दू विवाह का उद्देश्य है</div> <div>(a) धार्मिक कर्तव्य</div> <div>(b) पुत्र प्राप्ति</div> <div>(c) रति</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 72.</div> <div>वर्ग व्यवस्था है एक</div> <div>(a) खुली व्यवस्था</div> <div>(b) बन्द व्यवस्था</div> <div>(c) न ही खुली न ही बन्द</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) खुली व्यवस्था</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 73.</div> <div>सामाजिक परिवर्तन का तात्पर्य है</div> <div>(a) सामाजिक संबंधों में परिवर्तन</div> <div>(b) सामाजिक समूहों में परिवर्तन</div> <div>(c) सामाजिक अन्तः क्रियाओं में परिवर्तन</div> <div>(d) उपरोक्त सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) उपरोक्त सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 74.</div> <div>सहपलायन विवाह, विवाह का एक प्रकार है</div> <div>(a) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div>(b) हिन्दू समाज में</div> <div>(c) मुस्लिम समाज में</div> <div>(d) ईसाई समाज में</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 75.</div> <div>किसने कहा धर्म किसी आध्यात्मिक शक्ति में विश्वास है?</div> <div>(a) टायलर</div> <div>(b) फ्रेजर</div> <div>(c) दुखीम</div> <div>(d) मॉलिनोस्की</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) टायलर</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 76.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन एक वर्ग नहीं है?</div> <div>(a) डॉक्टर</div> <div>(b) शिक्षक</div> <div>(c) ब्राह्मण</div> <div>(d) वकील</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) ब्राह्मण</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 77.</div> <div>पारवाक्षा विवाह, विवाह का एक प्रकार है</div> <div>(a) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div>(b) हिन्दू समाज में</div> <div>(c) मुस्लिम समाज में</div> <div>(d) ईसाई समाज में</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 78.</div> <div>हिन्दूओं में विवाह के कितने स्वरूप माने जाते हैं?</div> <div>(a) दस</div> <div>(b) पाँच</div> <div>(c) आठ</div> <div>(d) चार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) पाँच</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 79.</div> <div>भारत में विवाह और परिवार” किसने लिखी?</div> <div>(a) ए.एम. शाह</div> <div>(b) जी.एस. घयें</div> <div>(c) के.एम. कपाडिया</div> <div>(d) डब्ल्यू. आई. वार्नर</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) के.एम. कपाडिया</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 80.</div> <div>डेन्जरस ड्रग्स एक्ट किस वर्ष में पारित किया गया?</div> <div>(a) 1930</div> <div>(b) 1931</div> <div>(c) 1938</div> <div>(d) 1933</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) 1938</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 81.</div> <div>परिवार सामाजिक नियंत्रण के किस प्रकार के साधनों के अन्तर्गत आता है?</div> <div>(a) औपचारिक नियंत्रण के साधन</div> <div>(b) अनौपचारिक नियन्त्र के साधान</div> <div>(c) उपर्युक्त दोनों</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) अनौपचारिक नियन्त्र के साधान</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 82.</div> <div>“परिवार निश्चित यौन सम्बन्धों द्वारा परिभाषित एक ऐसा समूह है, जो बच्चों के जनन एवं पालन-पोषण की व्यवस्था करता है।” उपर्युक्त परिभाषा दी है</div> <div>(a) लसू मेयर ने</div> <div>(b) बोगार्ड्स ने</div> <div>(c) मैकाइवर एवं पेज ने</div> <div>(d) बर्गेस एवं लॉक ने</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) मैकाइवर एवं पेज ने</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 83.</div> <div>किस विद्वान ने परिवार को ‘मानव स्वभाव की पोषिका’ कहा है?</div> <div>(a) मरडॉक</div> <div>(b) चार्ल्स कले</div> <div>(c) मैकाइवर.</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) चार्ल्स कले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 84.</div> <div>इनमें से कौन जाति व्यवस्था की देन है?</div> <div>(a)शोषण</div> <div>(b) असमानता</div> <div>(c)जातिवाद</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 85.</div> <div>किस प्रकार के परिवार को ‘दो-पीढ़ी परिवार’ कहा जाता है?</div> <div>(a) वृहत् संयुक्त परिवार</div> <div>(b) संयुक्त परिवार</div> <div>(c) एकाकी परिवार</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) एकाकी परिवार</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 86.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से परिवार का प्रकार्य है</div> <div>(a) सन्तोनोत्पत्ति</div> <div>(b) यौन इच्छाओं की पूर्ति</div> <div>(c) प्रजाति की निरन्तरता</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 87.</div> <div>“नातेदारी सामाजिक उद्देश्यों के लिए स्वीकृत वंश सम्बन्ध है, जो कि सामाजिक सम्बन्धों के परम्परागत सम्बन्धों का आधार है।” उपर्युक्त कथन का सम्बन्ध है</div> <div>(a) रिवर्स</div> <div>(b) जी.डी. माइकल</div> <div>(c) रैडक्लिफ ब्राउन</div> <div>(d) मरडॉक</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) रैडक्लिफ ब्राउन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 88.</div> <div>‘मानवशास्त्रीय शब्दकोष’ नाम पस्तक के लेखक हैं</div> <div>(a) चार्ल्स विनिक</div> <div>(b) इरावती कर्वे</div> <div>(c) मैकाइवर एवं पेज</div> <div>(d) आर.के. ब्राउन</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) चार्ल्स विनिक</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 89.</div> <div>मॉर्गन ने नातेदारी संज्ञाओं के कितने प्रकारों का उल्लेख किया है?</div> <div>(a) एक</div> <div>(b) दो</div> <div>(c) तीन</div> <div>(d) चार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) दो</div> <div></div> <h4><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Bihar_Board_12th_sociology_objective_question_answer_in_hindi_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8-2"></span>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h4> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 90.</div> <div>यह किसका कथन है कि “परिहास सम्बन्धों के द्वारा नातेदारों के बीच सहजतापूर्ण व घनिष्ठ मैत्रीपूर्ण सम्बन्धों का विकास होता है।”</div> <div>(a) आर.के. ब्राठन</div> <div>(b) जे. फ्रेजर</div> <div>(c) वेस्टरमार्क</div> <div>(d) टॉयलर</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) वेस्टरमार्क</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 91.</div> <div>संयुक्त परिवार व्यवस्था पायी जाती है</div> <div>(a) औद्योगिक समाज में</div> <div>(b) नगरीय समाज में</div> <div>(c) ग्रामीण समाज में</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) ग्रामीण समाज में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 92.</div> <div>संयुक्त परिवार की कौन-सी विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) बड़ा आकार</div> <div>(b) सामान्य सम्पत्ति</div> <div>(c) सामान्य निवास</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 93.</div> <div>प्रायः संयुक्त परिवार कर्ता कौन होता है?</div> <div>(a) सबसे बुजुर्ग पुरुष</div> <div>(b) सबसे बुजुर्ग महिला</div> <div>(c) पढ़ा-लिखा व्यक्ति</div> <div>(d) ज्येष्ठ पुत्र</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) सबसे बुजुर्ग पुरुष</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 94.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में क्या संयुक्त परिवार का पकार्य नहीं है? |2017)</div> <div>(a) सामाजिक सुरक्षा</div> <div>(b) आर्थिक सुरक्षा</div> <div>(c) व्यक्तिवादिता</div> <div>(d) मानसिक सुरक्षा</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) व्यक्तिवादिता</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 95.</div> <div>जन्ममूलक परिवार एवं प्रजनन मूलक परिवार की व्याख्या किस विद्वान ने की है?</div> <div>(a) लिण्टन</div> <div>(b) डेविस</div> <div>(c) मैकाइवर</div> <div>(d) बोगार्डस</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) डेविस</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 96.</div> <div>“एक जनजाति के रूप में क्षेत्र, भाषा, सांस्कृतिक समरूपता तथा एक सूत्र में बाँधने वाले सामाजिक संगठन को लेते हैं, जिसमें गोत्र या गाँव सम्मिलित होते हैं।” जनजाति की उक्त परिभाषा दी है</div> <div>(a) हरबर्ट स्पेन्सन</div> <div>(b) चार्ल्स विनिक</div> <div>(c) डी.एन. मजूमदार</div> <div>(d) मैकाइवर एवं पेज</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) चार्ल्स विनिक</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 97.</div> <div>निम्न में से “सामान्य निषेध’ (टेबू) का सम्बन्ध है</div> <div>(a) खान-पान से</div> <div>(b) विवाह से</div> <div>(c) व्यवसाय से</div> <div>(d) इन में सभी से</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इन में सभी से</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 98.</div> <div>प्रो. एस.सी. दुबे ने भौगोलिक दृष्टि से भारतीय जनजातियों को निम्न में से कितने भागों में विभक्त किया है?</div> <div>(a) दो</div> <div>(b) तीन</div> <div>(c) चार</div> <div>(d) पाँच</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) चार</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 99.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से शिकार एवं खाद्य संग्रहण जनजाति समूह है</div> <div>(a) कुका</div> <div>(b) मुण्डा</div> <div>(c) भील</div> <div>(d) गोंड</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) कुका</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 100.</div> <div>किंस मानवशास्त्री ने पर-संस्कृतिग्रहण को जनजाति संस्कृति के । विघटन के लिए उत्तरदायी माना है?</div> <div>(a) एम.एन. श्रीनिवास</div> <div>(b) रैडक्लिफ ब्राउन</div> <div>(c) किंग्सले डेविस</div> <div>(d) मजूमदार एवं मदान</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) मजूमदार एवं मदान</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 101.</div> <div>किस संविधान संशोधन के तहत अनुसूचित जाति/जनजाति अत्याचार निरोधक अधिनियम (1990) पारित किया गया?</div> <div>(a) 32वें</div> <div>(b) 65वें</div> <div>(c) 44वें</div> <div>(d) 66वें</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) 65वें</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 102.</div> <div>संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के अन्तर्गत यह प्रावधान किया गया कि सम्बन्धित राज्य का राज्यपाल, राष्टपति की अनमति से किसी भी जनजाति को अनुसूचित जनजाति में सम्मिलित कर सकता है?</div> <div>(a) अनुच्छेद-342</div> <div>(b) अनुच्छेद-338</div> <div>(c) अनुच्छेद-339</div> <div>(d) उपर्युक्त सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) अनुच्छेद-342</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 103.</div> <div>जनजातियों को “पिछड़े हिन्दू’ कहकर किस समाजशास्त्री ने सम्बोधित किया है?</div> <div>(a) आर.के. मुखर्जी</div> <div>(b) जी.एस. घुरये</div> <div>(c) आर.के. ब्राउन</div> <div>(d) एस.सी. दुबे</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) जी.एस. घुरये</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 104.</div> <div>बी०एस० गुहा ने उत्तरी-पूर्वी क्षेत्र के अन्तर्गत किस सीमावर्ती राज्य को सम्मिलित किया है?</div> <div>(a) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div>(b) झारखण्ड</div> <div>(c) पूर्वी पंजाब</div> <div>(d) आन्ध्र प्रदेश</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) पूर्वी पंजाब</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 105.</div> <div>निम्न में से जनजाति की विशेषता है</div> <div>(a) सामान्य संस्कृति</div> <div>(b) एक विशिष्ट नाम</div> <div>(c) बहिर्विवाही समूह</div> <div>(d) उपर्युक्त सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) उपर्युक्त सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 106.</div> <div>निम्न में से द्रविड़ भाषायी परिवार से सम्बन्धित जनजाति है</div> <div>(a) गोंड</div> <div>(b) उराँव</div> <div>(c) (a) और (b) दोनों</div> <div>(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) (a) और (b) दोनों</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 107.</div> <div>भारतीय समाज में सामाजिक स्तरीकरण का बुनियादी आधार क्या</div> <div>(a) धन एवं सम्पत्ति</div> <div>(b) जाति</div> <div>(c) परिवार</div> <div>(d) धर्म</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) धर्म</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 108.</div> <div>प्रभुजाति की अवधारणा देन है</div> <div>(a) पी.एन. प्रभु की</div> <div>(b) मजूमदार की</div> <div>(c) रिजले की</div> <div>(d) श्रीनिवास की</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) श्रीनिवास की</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 109.</div> <div>निम्न में से किसने जाति प्रथा की उत्पत्ति पर प्रजातीय दृष्टिकोण प्रस्तुत किया है?</div> <div>(a) मॉर्गन</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div>(c) नेसफील्ड</div> <div>(d) ए.आर. देसाई</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) रिजले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 110.</div> <div>निम्न में से कौन जनजाति की विशेषता है?</div> <div>(a) सामान्य भूभाग</div> <div>(b) सामान्य भाषा</div> <div>(c) सामान्य संस्कृति</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 111.</div> <div>निम्न में से किसने सामाजिक-धार्मिक सुधार आन्दोलनों में अग्रणी भूमिका निभायी?</div> <div>(a) राजा राममोहन राय</div> <div>(b) दयानन्द सरस्वती</div> <div>(c) उपर्युक्त दोनों</div> <div>(d) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) उपर्युक्त दोनों</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 112.</div> <div>निम्न में से किसने भारतीय जनजातियों के लिए ‘अलगाव की नीति’ की वकालत की?</div> <div>(a) बेली</div> <div>(b) घुरिये</div> <div>(c) एल्विन</div> <div>(d) मजूमदार</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) एल्विन</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 113.</div> <div>जनजाति समाजों में निम्न में से क्या नहीं पाया जाता है?</div> <div>(a) श्रम विभाजन</div> <div>(b) युवागृह</div> <div>(c) महिला की आजादी</div> <div>(d) सरल अर्थव्यवस्था</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) श्रम विभाजन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 114.</div> <div>भारत सरकार द्वारा ‘दहेज निरोधक अधिनियम’ किस वर्ष पारित किया गया?</div> <div>(a) सन् 1961 में</div> <div>(b) सन् 1965 में</div> <div>(c) सन् 1968 में</div> <div>(d) सन् 1971 में</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) सन् 1961 में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 115.</div> <div>उराँव निवासी हैं ……….. राज्य के।</div> <div>(a) बिहार</div> <div>(b) झारखण्ड</div> <div>(c) ओडिशा</div> <div>(d) मध्य प्रदेश</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) झारखण्ड</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 116.</div> <div>युवा संगठन पायाजाता है</div> <div>(a) ग्रामीण समाज में</div> <div>(b) नगरीय समाज में</div> <div>(c) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div>(d) औद्योगिक समाज में</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) जनजातीय समाज में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 117.</div> <div>कौन समस्या जनजातीय जीवन से सम्बन्धित नहीं है?</div> <div>(a) छूआछूत</div> <div>(b) युवा आवासशाला</div> <div>(c) जाति संस्तरण का विकास</div> <div>(d) भूमि निष्कासन</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) छूआछूत</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 118.</div> <div>एक विचारधारा के रूप में ‘जाति-व्यवस्था’ का अध्ययन निम्न में से किस समाजशास्त्री ने किया है?</div> <div>(a) लुई ड्यूमाँ</div> <div>(b) एम.एस. श्रीनिवास</div> <div>(c) मैकम मैरियट</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>Bihar Board 12th sociology objective question answer in hindi सामाजिक संस्थाएँ : निरंतरता एवं परिवर्तन</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 119.</div> <div>जाति व्यवस्था में परिवर्तन के लिए निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कारण उत्तरदायी है?</div> <div>(a) शिक्षा का प्रसार</div> <div>(b) धर्म के प्रभाव में कमी</div> <div>(c) पश्चिमी सभ्यता का प्रभाव</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 120.</div> <div>समाजशास्त्री ने ‘जाति’ की अवधारणा का प्रयोग ‘प्रजाति’ के सन्दर्भ में किया है?</div> <div>(a) मैक्स वेबर</div> <div>(b) अब्बे डुवॉयस</div> <div>(c) केतकर</div> <div>(d) रिजले</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(b) अब्बे डुवॉयस</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 121.</div> <div>यह कथन किसका है कि “जब एक वर्ग लगभग पूर्ण रूप से वंशानुक्रमण पर आधारित होता है, तब उसे हम जाति कहते हैं?</div> <div>(a) चार्ल्स कूले</div> <div>(b) लुई ड्यूमा</div> <div>(c) एम.एन. श्रीनिवास</div> <div>(d) आन्द्रे बेताई</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(a) चार्ल्स कूले</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 122.</div> <div>‘द्विचर प्रतिकूलता का सिद्धान्त’ दिया है</div> <div>(a) एस.सी. दुबे</div> <div>(b) एम.एन. श्रीनिवास</div> <div>(c) आन्द्रे बेताई</div> <div>(d) लुई ड्यूाँ</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(d) लुई ड्यूाँ</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 123.</div> <div>सर हरबर्ट रिजले के नेतृत्व में किस वर्ष जाति आधारित जनगणना आयोजित की गयी?</div> <div>(a) सन् 1971 में</div> <div>(b) सन् 1981 में</div> <div>(c) सन् 1901 में</div> <div>(d) सन् 1921 में</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <div>(c) सन् 1901 में</div> <div></div> <div>प्रश्न 124.</div> <div>निम्नलिखित में से जाति व्यवस्था की विशेषता है</div> <div>(a) खान-पान एवं सामाजिक सहवास पर प्रतिबन्ध</div> <div>(b) खुली व्यवस्था</div> <div>(c) एक अन्तर्विवाही समूह</div> <div>(d) इनमें से सभी</div> <div>उत्तर-</div> <pre><span class="acss8cf4d">sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindisociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi  sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi  sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi sociology objective question answer in hindi </span>

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